魚類の組織器官の組織学的究明と魚病学への応用-1-ニホンウナギの血管系

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1) ニホンウナギの血管の分布および血管壁の組織構造を調べた。 2) 特徴的な動脈の走行は上鰓動脈にみられた。第1･第2上鰓動脈はともに分枝し, 第1上鰓動脈の1分枝は頚動脈となって前走し, 第2上鰓動脈のそれは冠状動派となり, 他の分枝は途中で合流して1本となり背大動脈の始発点に継がっていた。 3 ) 特徴的な静脈の走行としては, 尾静脈, 腎門脈, 後尾静脈はいずれも一連の静脈であり, 後尾静脈は腸間膜内で門脈と継がっていた。 4 ) 動脈の壁は三層から成り, 特に中膜の構造および血管径の太さより, 動脈は大動脈または弾性型動脈, 中動脈または筋型動脈, そして小動脈と細動脈に類別された。 5 ) 静脈の壁は三層に識別されるが, 壁の構造上の特徴から静脈を類別することは難しかった。The reliable appleciation of the histologies of tissue and organs is on the basis of histopathological studies of fish diseases. To understand the vascular system it is important to know the internal behavior of the pathogenic organisms and their progress in infectious disease. This paper deals with the distribution and histology of the vascular system of the japanese eel. The characteristic courses of the vascular system are as follows ; Each first and second posterior-branchial artery bifurcates and one branch of the first goes to the carotid artery and one branch of the second goes to the coronary artery, and the other two branches merge into one vessel to join at the starting point of the dorsal aorta. The third and fourth posterior-banchial artery also merge into one vessel to join the dorsal aorta at a short distance from its starting point. The caudal vein, renal portal vein and posterior caudal vein which join the portal vein within the mesentry make one vessel extending from the caudal fin to the liver. Arteries possess three coarts-tuntica intima, media and adventitia. Usually the tunica iutima consists of the endothelium and the well defined internal elastic membrane, the tunica media consists of smooth-muscle fibers spirally arranged in the elastic tissue, and the tunica adventitia consists of collagenous fibers arranged in a longitudinal orientation. The arteries are divided into three categories by the size of vessels and the structural characteristic of the tunica media. 1) The large or elastic arteries which include the bulbus arteriosus, ventral and dorsal aortas. 2) The medium-sized or muscular arteries which include the distributing arteris ; They have both internal and external elastic membrane. 3) The small arteries and arterioles : Their tunica media has one layer of muscle fibers and arterioles lack the external elastic membrane. The veins are not well defined in the clasification depending upon vascular tunicas. The caudal vein and portal vein have a thicker tunica media composed of a few layers of smooth muscles, and the renal and hepatic vein have a tunica media ill defined.
三重大学水産学部の論文

著者

窪田三朗
日本獣医畜産大

魚類の組織器官の組織学的究明と魚病学への応用-1-ニホンウナギの血管系

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