伝統医薬のフィールドワークと民族薬物学の確立(<特集>日本生薬学会設立50周年記念)

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In recent years, despite the progress in medical sciences, there is a continuous increase of the diseases that have no effective therapy while traditional medicines have been recognized worldwide as a safe method of medical treatment. There are many traditional medical practices and medicines peculiar to each people in the world. The Chinese medicine in China, Ayurveda in India, and Unani medicine in Islamic countries are known as the three great traditional medicines in the world. These traditional medicines were also diffused in different countries, as the Chinese medicine gave rise to Korean medicine and Japanese Kampo medicine; the Ayurveda to Indian Siddha medicine, Thai classic medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, and Jamu in Indonesia. The Unani medicine has been practiced in Egypt, Pakistan, Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Arabia, and probably has developed into Uy ur medicine in Xinjiang, China. The traditional medical practices are not always individualized, but they have influenced each other through the cultural exchange among people. As an example, Tibetan medicine, which has originated in Ayurveda uses the therapeutic methods and drugs that adjust to the climate of Tibetan plateau and moreover incorporate with the merits of Chinese medicine. Such traditional medicines were developed in nations and among people that have created their own alphabet since ancient times, while people without such feature transmitted verbally the knowledge of healing and drugs through generations. The verbally transmitted medical practice can be seen in people of South America, Africa or other parts of the world, which is called folk medicine in distinction from traditional medicine, but here both will be referred as traditional medicines. In this report, the importance of the field work on the research of traditional medicines are described showing the examples of Swertia plants. By amplifying the field of study, as the study on the kinds of medicines used by different people, the parts used, the methods and frequency of uses, etc., would provide evidences of the import route of the culture and also show a way to develop new medicinal resources. Hopefully young scholars will lead the investigations on ethno-medicines with the above thoughts in their minds.
日本生薬学会の論文
2000-02-20

伝統医薬のフィールドワークと民族薬物学の確立(<特集>日本生薬学会設立50周年記念)

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