植物におけるカルシウム依存的凍結耐性の普遍性

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Freezing tolerance of plants growing in temperate and frigid zones has a crucial feature to survive in cold winter. Interestingly, in Arabidopsis cells, about half of the freezing tolerance depends onextracellular calcium. Furthermore, extracellular calcium in creases tolerance to the mechanical stress caused by electroporation, which disrupts the plasma membrane, but it does not increase tolerance to the simple osmotic stress. It has also been indicated that calcium-dependent freezing tolerance involves plasma membrane resealing via SYT1 in Arabidopsis. However, the generality of this phenomenon infreezing-tolerant plants remains unknown. Here, we hypothesize that plants which survive in cold winter generally possess the calcium-dependent freezing tolerance. To test this hypothesis, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.cv. Chihoknkomugi)leaves were used as a representative of monocots, andJerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)tubers were used as a dicot other than Brassica species. The calcium-dependent freezing tolerance was measured with protoplasts or tissue sections by calculating as the difference between survivals in the presence and absence of calcium. Our results indicate wheat leaves and Jerusalem artichoke tubers possess the calcium-dependent freezing tolerance. Thus, it is possible that the calcium-dependent freezing tolerance is a common mechamism for many angiosperms. On the other hand, the level of calcium-dependent freezing tolerance was quite different between wheat leaves and Jerusalem artichoke tubers. This suggests that the strategy of freezingtolerance is different among plants or their organs.
低温生物工学会の論文
2010-03-15

植物におけるカルシウム依存的凍結耐性の普遍性

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