船舶からの油及び有害液体物質の排出・流出による海洋汚染防止に資する研究

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Taking recent frequent occurence of large-scale oil spill accidents from ships, International Maritime Organization (IMO) tightened regualtions on the basis of the relevant treaties. For instance, Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-ordination to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances (OPRC-HNS Protocol) was formally adopted in March 2000, and came into force in June 2007. Nowadays, keen interest in oil spill accidents is gradually rising all over the world. Also, marine pollution incidents by the oil or noxious liquid substances, which had spilled gradually or intermittently from sunken ships and had spread out in the sea, were observed at domestic and foreign. The necessity for examining potential hazard of such incidents without delay has been indicated recently. With these backgrounds, we started a three-year research project on prevention of marine pollution caused by discharge or spill of oil and noxious liquid substances from ships in 2006, and obtained many useful research outcomes as follows ; 1) for in-situ monitoring the spilled oil or noxious liquid substances spreading out on the surface of the sea, we developed fundamental technology such as a support program for guiding pertinent routes of observation flight, a simplified program for distinguishing types of oil/noxious liquid substances spreading out on the surface of the sea, a program for indicating muddiness or pollution by oil/noxious liquid substances by images ; 2) for supplying oil removal operators with information on application of dispersant, we developed a decision making process tool for oil pollution on GIS (DOG), which consists of a model for evaluating of 3-dimensional behavior of oil or oil-dispersant mixture, a heavy-fuel-oil-A toxicity database on marine creatures, a model for evaluating influences of heavy fuel oil A on low-level marine creatures, and a model for evaluating damage to fishery ; and 3) for contributing to identification of a sunken ship when an oil spill accident from the sunken ship is observed, we made a hazard map of sunken ships in the sea near Japan on the basis of both experimental results on corrosion rate of steel materials and a database of the ships which have been stranded/sunken off Japan for the past 100 years.
独立行政法人海上技術安全研究所の論文
2009-12-25

船舶からの油及び有害液体物質の排出・流出による海洋汚染防止に資する研究

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