58.ムスカリ(Muscari armeniacum)におけるガム物質の形成制御およびその化学組成(口頭発表)

概要

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The purpose of this study was to know the hormonal regulation of gummosis in grape hyacinth (Muscari armeniacum), especially on the focus of chemical composition of gums. The application of an ethylene-releasing compound, ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid), at 1 and 2% (w/w) in lanolin to grape hyacinth bulbs substantially induced gummosis in the bulbs after several days of the application. Methyl jasmonate alone at 0.1 to 2% (w/w) in lanolin had no effect on gummosis in the bulbs. However, simultaneous application of methyl jasmonate and ethephon extremely stimulated ethephon-induced gummosis in grape hyacinth bulbs. On the other hand, the application of ethephon regardless of the presence of methyl jasmonate to inflorescence axes of grape hyacinth did not induced gummosis. Molecular mass distribution of grape hyacinth gums was analyzed by a gel permeation chromatography, indicating that gums were mainly homogenous polysaccharides with an average molecular weight of ca. 8.3kD consisted of neutral sugars and uronic acids at a ratio of ca. 2:1. Analysis of neutral sugar composition of gums after hydrolysis and acetylation indicated that the ratio of rhamnose:galactose:arabinose:glucose was 4:4:1:1, suggesting that major components of gums are pectic polysaccharides such as rhamnogalacturonan. Possible mode of action of ethylene and jasmonates to induce gummosis is also discussed.
植物化学調節学会の論文
2008-10-06