41. スモモ果実におけるジャスモン酸類によるガム物質形成

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Gummosis, the process of accumulation and exudation of gums mainly consisted of polysaccharides including uronic acids, is a common response to various biotic and abiotic environmental stresses in some plant species, especially in stone-fruit trees. Gummosis has considered to be regulated by ethylene. Recently we have found that jasmonates induced gummosis in tulip shoots, but ethephon, an ethylene-generating compound, did not. To study the role of jasmonates in gummosis in stonefruit trees, effects of methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) on gummosis in plum (Prunus domestica L.) fruits were studied in relation to ethylene production and chemical composition of gums. Treatments of chemicals to plum fruits were made at different periods between June to July in 2003 and 2004. Both methyl jasmonate (JA-Me, 1%, w/w in lanolin) and ethephon (1%, w/w in lanolin) applied to green plum fruits in the period of middle of June substantially induced gummosis. JA-Me applied simultaneously with ethephon showed synergistic effect on gummosis. Effectiveness of JA-Me and ethephon to induce gummosis decreased as ripening of fruits, gummosis-inducing activity of JA-Me being stronger than that of ethephon in ripened fruits. The application of JA-Me substantially promoted ethylene production in green fruits, and the effect of JA-Me on ethylene production also decreased as ripening of fruits. Sugar composition of gums produced in the natural conditions, and induced by JA-Me and ethephon were almost same, polysaccharide compositions of gums mainly consisting of uronic acid, arabinose and galactose. These results suggest that JA-Me together with endogenous ethylene regulates gummosis in plum fruits. Possible mode of actions of plant hormones and pathway of gum biosynthesis are also discussed.
植物化学調節学会の論文
2004-10-13

41. スモモ果実におけるジャスモン酸類によるガム物質形成

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