PDPによる潜在記憶の発達的研究(1)
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概要
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Explicit memory referes to intentional or conscious recollection of prior experiences; implicit memory, by contrast, referes to changes in performance or behavior that are produced by prior experiences on tests that do not require any intentional or conscious recollection of those experiences. The dissociation have been produced both by a variety of experimental manipulations in normal subjects and by demonstrations that amnesic patients show intact implicit memory despite impaired explicit memory. Perhaps the most intensively studied type of implicit memory is known as repetition or direct priming. The process dissociation procedure(PDP) proposed by Jacoby(1991) provide an escape from problems of identifying processes with tasks. The goal of the PDP is to estimate separately the influences of different bases for recognition memory decisions. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the validity of PDP using pictures as stimuli instead of words and to apply it to the younger children as subjects in following studies. The second purpose was to examine the development of implicit memory in children if the validity of the procedure was confirmed. Subjects were twentythree 4th grade pupils and fifteen 6th grade pupils. The experiment was run in two phases, where the first phase were study episode, and the second phase was the recognition test. The first list of pictures(List A) was presented visually on the screen with green for background color-frame, and the second list of pictures(List B) was also presented on it with orange for background color-frame. The recognition test list was presented in booklet form, and contained either inclusion or exclusion test instruction. The estimated probabilities of calling old picture on the basis of recollection and familiarity were caluculated according to previous report(Jacoby, 1991). There was not significant differences between recollection and familiarity in 4th and 6th grade. It is necessary to replicate and extend the range of age of subjects downward to describe the development of implicit memory more precisely.
- 横浜国立大学の論文
- 1995-10-31
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