A Comparative Study on the Health Effects of Smoking and Indoor Air Pollution in Summer and Winter
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概要
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This study was performed by a comparison between summer and winter for the purpose of demonstration the actual conditions of health effects of indoor air pollution with special reference to NO_2 and smoking, on the subjects composed of 820 school children and their 546 mothers in the two areas with different ambient NO_2 concentrations. In either case, examination was carried out with standardized questionnaire test for respiratory symptoms, personal NO_2 exposure measurement using the filter badge by Yanagisawa, and analysis of urinary hydroxyproline and creatinine in two areas with different ambient NO_2 levels. Personal NO_2 exposure level in winter season was 2-3 times higher than that in summer, particularly NO_2 level among residents living in homes with nonvented stove for space heating was substantially higher from those of residents with vented stove. Wives with vented stove had a moderate exposure level in winter season by the contribution of NO_2 originated from the kitchen and poor ventiration rate. Since the hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio (HOP-ratio) of children increased more, their household location were nearer to any heavy traffic roads in summer, health effects from automobile exhaust were suggested only in summer season. In summer season, personal NO_2 exposure level were almost the same with the ambient NO_2 concentrations over both areas. These results suggest that indoor air pollution in winter season may be separated from outdoor air pollution. It was a matter of course that hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio in winter season was higher than that in summer, in any group and in any area, but the range of variation of hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio was smaller by far than that of personal NO_2 exposure level. Judging from urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio, health effects of active smoking and passive smoking increased with increasing the number of smoked, dose-dependently in any season. According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio had significant relation to either NO_2 and active or passive smoking, but personal NO_2 exposure level had no relation to cigarette smoking. NO_2 and cigarette smoke were seemed to make hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio increase, independently each other.
- 1984-01-26
著者
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Yanagisawa Yukio
Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Yanagisawa Yukio
Dep. Of Environment Systems Inst. Of Environmental Studies Graduate School Of Frontier Sciences The
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Yanagisawa Yukio
Junior College Of Nihon University
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Kasuga Hitoshi
Tokai University
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Kasuga H
Tokai University School Of Medicine
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Kasuga Hitoshi
Department Of Public Health School Of Medicine Tokai University
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Osaka Fumio
Department Of Public Health School Of Medicine Tokai University
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Osaka Fumio
Department Of Community Health Tokai University School Of Medicine
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Nishimura Hajime
Department Of Chemical Engineering University Of Tokyo
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Nishimura Hajime
Department Of Chemical Engineering Faculty Of Engineering University Of Tokyo
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Yanagisawa Y
Junior College Of Nihon University
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Matsuki Hideaki
Tokai University School Of Health Sciences
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Matsuki Hideaki
Department Of Nursing School Of Health Sciences Tokai University
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Yanagisawa Yukio
Department Of Environment Systems Graduate School Of Frontier Sciences The University Of Tokyo
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Matsuki Hideaki
Department Of Public Health School Of Medicine Tokai University
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