Colletes, Hylaeus, および Epeolus 属花蜂の訪花性について : 日本産花蜂の生態学的研究 XV
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概要
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Flower-visiting habits were examined in the field on Colletes patellatus Perez, Colletes collaris Dours, and Hylaeus sp., all of which were the most primitive Apoidea bees, and also on a cuckoo bee, Epeolus japonicus Bischoff, in Sasayama basin, Hyogo Pref. in 8 years, 1952-1959. Three species of C. patellatus, C. collaris, and E. japonicus visited flowers during from early September to middle of October, and Hylaeus sp. during 2 periods of June and September-October (Fig.1). As a result of dissection of their digestive organ a large quantity of pollen were usually found in the nectar stomach of bees of the genus Colletes as well as in the cases of bees of the genus Hylaeus, nevertheless the former are podilegeous in pollen collection. This fact seems to be attributable to the habit somewhat resembling the habit of "Mundsammler" in pollen collecting manner of bees of the genus Hylaeus belonging to the same family (Colletidae). The flower species visited by each bee species are shown in Table 1. C. patellatus, C. collaris, and E. japonicus visited predominantly the flowers of Compositae and Hylaeus sp. visited mostly the flowers of Polygonaceae. The bees of C. patellatus had special correlation with the flowers of Aster sp. belonging to Compositae. And also, it was observed the coincidence between the areas of flowering of the plant and those of habitat of the bees in successive years. C. patellatus visited predominantly and constantly the flowers of Aster sp. during 8 years of 1952-1959. In other words, the plentiful flowers of Aster sp. mean the most abundant pollen or nectar source for C. patellatus in the autumn field. It is supposed that the morphological weak point of this species is supplemented by its oligolectic habit in flower-visiting to make it a prosperous bee in autumn field. E. japonicus, a cuckoo bee of C. patellatus, visited mostly the flowers of Aster sp. as well as its fosterer. The remarkable preference of Hylaeus sp. was shown to the flowers of Angelica polyclada belonging to Umbeliferae in autumn. Moreover, Hylaeus sp. visited some flowers of Labiatae, Rosaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Polygonaceae. All these flowers visited by them were spikelet in common with each other. It seems that this fact shows a special tendency of preference of the small-sized bee species to flowers.
- 日本昆虫学会の論文
- 1960-07-10
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