A Note on the Absolute Intensity of X-Ray Scattering Factor of Powder Samples of Metals
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A number of studies on the atomic scattering factors have recently been done by absolute intensity measurements of X-rays reflected from powder samples of various substances with simple structures. Among them the reduction of 4〜5% in values of the scattering factors compared with their theoretical values was reported for Cu, Fe, Al^<1)> and Cr^<2)>, atoms, but was not for atoms in compounds such as MnO^<3)>, Mn_4N^<4)> and Mg0^<5)>. Absolute measurements on Cr with Cu Kα radiation have been carried out in our laboratory in a similar way as was used in previous reports.^<3),4),5)> The powder sample of Cr with purity of 99.9% and with the particle size of about 40〜50μ was ground in an agate mortar for about 6〜8 hours with alcohol in order to prevent oxidation, and then was passed through glass filters in order to collect only powders less than about 5μ in diameter. The fine powder prepared was pressed in a form suitable for diffractometry. It was noticed that the intensity of each renection gradually decreased while the measurement was done in the open air. The typical behaviour is shown in Fig. 1 for the 110 reflection. The measurements were made in the day-time in an air-conditioned laboratory where room temperature was about 23℃ and humidity was about 55〜60%. At night, however, the sample was exposed to the air of about 25℃ and of 70〜80% humidity. Probably because of such an irregular condition, the measured values shown in Fig. 1 scatter around a smooth line. However, it shows clearly the tendency of logarithmic decrease. When the sample was kept in a N_2 gas flow chamber during measurements, and in vacuum otherwise, the intensity ceased to change. It is therefore evident that some kind of chemical change, probably oxidation, occurred in the former condition.
- 社団法人日本物理学会の論文
- 1964-02-05
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