戦前の城戸幡太郎学派の生活教育論と「精神薄弱」概念 :「精神薄弱」概念の理論史研究

概要

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This study sets out to examine the content and meaning of the concept of "mental deficiency" as constructed by the school of Kido Mantaro prior to World War II, with particular emphasis on the perspective of ability and personality development in children with "Mentally deficiency". At the same time, by comparing Kido's concept of "mental deficiency" with the main concepts put forward by others, it aims to clarify the level of achievement in the prewar period. The concepts examined, in addition to that of Kido, are those of Aoki Seishiro, Miki Yasumasa and Okuda Saburo. The main results of the study are as follows:- (1) By means of a critical examination of the view of intelligence found in intelligence testing psychology, Kido Mantaro's school clarified the level of development of character and ability in children with "Mentally deficiency" in terms of "daily living ability" (seikatsu-noryoku) and "social cooperation" (shakai-kyoryoku). (2) While establishing a structure of rights in education and welfare for children with "Mentally deficiency", Kido's school proposed a theory of "education in daily living" with the objective of providing a guarantee for the daily life and development of such children. (3) From the perspective of "daily living ability" and "social cooperation", Kido's school proposed a new basis, in terms of education, daily living and the pursuit of happiness, for looking at persons with "mental deficiency", and constructed a new concept of "mental deficiency" with stress adaptation to society and social life. (4) The concept of "mental deficiency" formulated by Kido's school constituted a paradigmatic change in the theoretical history of this concept and represented a significant level of achievement in the prewar period.
日本教育学会の論文
1997-06-30

著者

高橋智
東京学芸大学

戦前の城戸幡太郎学派の生活教育論と「精神薄弱」概念 :「精神薄弱」概念の理論史研究

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