第1次大戦期の平和主義小考(1)

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The Purpose of this paper is to survey the peace movement of Europe in the early period of the First World War as the background for the development of the international organization plans. Some pacifists, who tried to reconstruct the international peace movement immediately after the outbreak of war, proposed to hold the meeting of the International Peace Bureau (IPB) council in order to unify the purpose of the pacifists in wartime. Though their proposition was realized at the council meeting in January 1915,the opinions of the pacifists of belligerent powers were seriously divided as to some actual problems, especially as to the Germany's violation of Belgian neutrality. The IPB as the traditional center of the peace movement became dysfunctional because of the above mentioned opposition. However some pacifists in Switzerland and Holland had formed new types of organizations in each country, which also included people distant with the traditional peace movement before the war. They planned an international congress in Hague or Bem whose agenda was restricted to discussing the theorethical theme. The fruit of this effort was the Hague Conference(1915.4.7-10) and its Minimum Program.
北海道東海大学の論文