第1次世界大戦末期のドイツの国際組織構想(1)

概要

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Matthias Erzberger (1875-1921) was a German politician and a leading member of the catholic Zentrum (Center) party. Although his political activities is often refered to, his book on a plan of the League of Nations is not wellknown even to historians. The characteristic features of his international organization plan can be presented as follows. 1) He pointed out that the parliamentary democracy and the power of public opinion was indispensable to the development of the League of Nations, and he related the League of Nations plan with the problems of the Realpolitik such as the parliamentarization and the maintainance of the present position of Germany in international society. 2) He regarded the obligatory arbitration system as the core of the League of Nations and as a result war as an instrument of national policy was prohibited in his plan. But he proposed that the concerned party states should appoint the judges of the arbitration court directry or indirectry, and therefore the judgement of this organ could have been influenced strongly by the concerned parties. 3) He made some concrete proposals for arms reduction and the enforcement measures, but he did not understand the importance of correlating these problems with the right of self-defense and the sovereignty of memmber states.
北海道東海大学の論文