<資料>ミャンマー国シャン高原における陸稲の収穫とタウンヨー族の打ち付け脱穀石

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Harvesting of rice with volunteer weeds and threshing for rice grams by Kyaukto, a pillow-like device, which is made of Palaeozoic limestone, were found in the upland rice fields near 12 and 29 km northern to Kalaw, Shan state in Shan Highlands of Myanmar. Rice was frequently harvested with volunteer weeds and relic millets such as Setaria italica, and Echinochloa sp. in the area. The Kyaukto device was used for threshing rice grains by an ethnic minority, the Taungyo, belonging linguistically to the ancient Burmese family. Several female persons harvested upland rice at the bottom by a small-size sickle to bind and carry rice bundles with ears to the threshing place (ca. 10 m by 10 m) covered with 16 sheets of bamboo carpets. On the threshing carpets, nine, young, barefooted male persons had standing positions on the circle facing to the center, and each man beat the rice bundles on the stone. The stone was set with two bundles of rice straws ringed compactly in order to keep the stone surface at an angle of 30 degrees. Rice grains were gathered and the unnecessary parts were removed skillfully by a bamboo stick. Finally, two female persons winnowed the rice grains and got rid of dusts and trashes for cleaning.
2001-03-31