Domain Contribution to Direct and Converse Piezoelectric Effects of PZT Ceramics

概要

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The domain contributions in the piezoelectric converse effect and the direct effect were compared for soft- and hard-PZTs (lead ziroconate and lead titanate solid solitions) by measuring piezoelectric constant $d_{33}$ as a function of frequency. The $d_{33}$ of the converse effect was determined from the electric-field induced strain. In the measurement of the direct effect, a sinusoidal stress was applied to the sample using a piezoelectric actuator and the polarization generated by the direct effect was detected as a displacement current. The degree of the domain contribution was estimated from the difference in the piezoelectric $d_{33}$ constants determined from the resonance method and that from the converse or the direct effect. The domain contribution was larger in the soft-PZT than in the hard-PZT. The $d_{33}$ determined from the two effects was consistent in the soft-PZT but the $d_{33}$ of the hard-PZT determined from the direct effect was markedly larger than that from the converse effect or the resonance method. These results indicated that a fairly large degree of the domain contribution existed in the direct effect of the hard-PZT, and that the mechanism of the domain wall clamping did not work effectively in the direct effect.
2004-11-15