Distinct genetic characteristics of Sri Lankan Rattus and Bandicota (Murinae, Rodentia) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers

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概要

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• We examined genetic variation in black rats (the Rattus rattus complex) from Kandy District, Sri Lanka using mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb, 1140 bp) and nuclear melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r, 954 bp) gene sequences together with database sequences. We confirmed the existence of two divergent mitochondrial lineages in Sri Lankan black rats, with genetic distance of 2.2% and estimated divergence time of 0.3 million years ago. Because one lineage is unique to the island and the other is closely related to R. rattus populations on the Indian subcontinent, two migration events of R. rattus from the subcontinent are inferred, one ancient and one recent. Mc1r analyses revealed 12 haplotypes among the Sri Lankan black rats. A median-joining network together with other available sequences separated the 12 haplotypes into two groups, one unique to the island and the other related to previously reported R. rattus sequences. Notably, most individuals possessed various combinations of both haplotype groups which had no association with the cytb clades. These results imply that old and new R. rattus lineages are now intermingled as a result of hybridization in Sri Lanka. Specimens of the lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) collected from Sri Lanka (n = 24) were shown to have no genetic variability in the cytb sequence. Our results indicate that the two most abundant groups of commensal rats in Sri Lanka, black rats and lesser bandicoot rats, are the product of contrasting evolutionary histories on different timescales.

• 日本遺伝学会の論文

著者

• KOIZUMI Nobuo

  Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases

• YASUDA Shumpei

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

• KOMA Takaaki

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

• Suzuki Hitoshi

  Laboratory For Photobiology Photodynamics Research Center Riken

• ARIKAWA Jiro

  Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University

• Koizumi Nobuo

  Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases

• YOSHIMATSU Kumiko

  Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University

• GAMAGE Chandika

  Department of Global Health & Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University

• ISOZUMI Rie

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

• SHIMIZU Kenta

  Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University

• Gamage Chandika

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

• Nishio Sanae

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

• Amada Takako

  Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

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