Binding Modes and the Selectivity of the Compounds Bound to the Kainate-Type Glutamate Receptors at Atomic Level Resolution

概要

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Kainate receptors (KARs) are members of the ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) that play variety of roles in the mammalian brain. Because KARs are comprised of five different isoform proteins, isoform selective compounds are indispensable tools in physiological researches. Dysiherbaine (DH) and neodysiherbaine A (NDH), natural toxins found from marine sponges, were shown to be potent and isoform-selective agonists for KARs. To understand structure-activity relationship of DH and NDH, numbers of analogues are synthesized, and their pharmacological activities have been evaluated in detail. Here, we determined the crystal structures of human KAR isoforms, GluK1 and GluK2, ligand-binding domain in complex with the DH analogues at high resolution. From these structures, we elucidated the relationships between the binding affinity and the molecular structure of the compounds. We also demonstrated differential recognition by some of the DH analogues of closely related isoforms GluK1 and GluK2. Further, we found that neither degree of the domain closure nor twist motion of domains directly correlated to agonist efficacy of the ligands.
日本結晶学会の論文