A case of cholangiolocellular carcinoma diagnosed after liver biopsy and treated with interventional radiology

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We report a case of inoperable cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC) treated with interventional radiology (IVR) therapy. A 79-year-old man was hospitalized to maintain his hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic hepatitis C. On dynamic CT examination, a tumor with a diameter of 2 cm was observed in liver S5 that exhibited prolonged enhancement; this finding was not very suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, 3 years later, the tumor diameter was found to have increased to 6 cm. The CT image of the tumor did not show any typical features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), or hemangioma of the liver. Consequently, CT-guided biopsy was performed, and results of subsequent immunohistological analyses of the specimen suggested CoCC. Due to several complications, we started the IVR therapy and continued treatment with it. Because CoCC frequently involves hypervascular masses, IVR therapy is a possible treatment option for inoperable CoCC.