自発的な環境改善意識の形成に関する潜在混合モデル分析——インド· ウエストベンガル州の飲料水ヒ素汚染問題を事例に——

概要

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Arsenic contamination of drinking water in rural areas of India and Bangladesh is a serious problem. Although activities for improvement are continuously practiced by local NGO and foreign agencies, the problem is still serious. In this study, we focused on drinking water. Questionnaire surveys were conducted twice in a rural village of India before and after information on arsenic was provided to the villagers. People in local areas of India do not know well the risks of arsenic because information on arsenic is seldom provided. By conducting a latent mixture model analysis on the pre- and post- informed situations, the relationship between frequency and period of information dissemination and changes in the attitudes of the local people toward arsenic risks were analyzed. Finally, based on the analysis, factors to voluntarily change attitudes to improve the environment are clarified, and development aid planning to bring a change to the existing consciousness structure was considered.JEL Classification: O21, O31, O33