岩脈法発展史

概要

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The orientations of igneous and clastic dikes, and of mineral veins are clues to the estimation of paleostresses. In 1911, Blamey Stevens was the first researcher to describe the formation of dikes as being perpendicular to the least compressive stress axis. Ernest M. Anderson pioneered the publication of paleostress maps, which were shown in his 1942 textbook. However, nearly three decades elapsed after the publication of Andersons book until paleostress analysis using dilatant structures became popular. Since the 1980s, analysis of paleostresses using dilatant structures has been sufficiently improved to determine not only the sigma-3 axis, but also other stress axes and stress ratio. It is now possible that dikes which formed under different stress conditions can be numerically classified into subsets to distinguish their conditions of formation. In this paper, we provide a historical review of methods for inferring paleostresses from the orientations of dilatant structures.