Long-Term Outcome of Coil Occlusion in Patients With Patent Ductus Arteriosus

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Background: Coil occlusion has been widely indicated for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Although many reports have shown the efficacy and safety of coil occlusion, the long-term outcome in patients remains controversial. Here, we analyzed the long-term outcome of coil occlusion in patients with PDA in Japan. Methods and Results: We collected the longitudinal data of patients who underwent coil occlusion between 1995 and 2009. A total of 310 coil occlusions were performed in 298 patients with PDA. The median minimum duct diameter was 1.4mm. Successful coil occlusion was achieved in 286 patients (96.0%), and total adverse events were seen in only 28 cases (9.0%). The median follow-up period was 50 months. The occlusion rates at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years were 90.1%, 94.4%, 97.4%, 97.8% and 97.8%, respectively. Patients with a large PDA (≥4mm) showed a higher rate of residual leakage than those with a small (<2mm) or moderate (2-4mm) PDA (P=0.004). Patients who underwent this procedure in the early study period also showed a higher rate of residual leakage than those in the late study period. Conclusions: Coil occlusion is an effective procedure for patients with PDA. Our data indicate that the long-term outcome is promising without any adverse events.