Nitric Oxide Causes Anoikis through Attenuation of E-Cadherin and Activation of Caspase-3 in Human Gastric Carcinoma AZ-521 Cells Infected with Mycoplasma hyorhinis

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Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) infection leads the cultured cells to various biological alterations on cell metabolisms including apoptosis. Apoptosis induced by M. hyorhinis has mainly been considered due to mycoplasmal endonucleases. We previously reported that apoptosis in a human carcinoma cell line AZ-521 infected with M. hyorhinis was enhanced by addition of L-ascorbic acid to the cell cultures. Since both L-ascorbic acid addition and M. hyorhinis infection activated cellular iNOS, we examined the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) exerts apoptotic effect to M. hyorhinis-infected cells and E-cadherin down-regulation. In this study, we showed that M. hyorhinis infection activates iNOS mRNA synthesis, NO production, and caspase-3 activity and attenuates E-cadherin mRNA synthesis by quantitative real-time PCR, Griess assay and fluorescence caspase-3 detection. L-NAME decreased the numbers of apoptotic cells through inhibition caspase-3 activity. Our results indicate that NO causes anoikis throughout attenuation of E-cadherin and activation of caspase-3 in human gastric carcinoma cell line AZ-521 cells infected with M. hyorhinis.