カーボンブラック·ポリエチレン複合体のパーコレーション現象と絶縁破壊の強さの臨界指数

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This paper addresses the critical exponent of dielectric breakdown strength of composites made with carbon black and polyethylene below the percolation threshold for the first time. At first place, the percolation threshold pc is determined based on the critical exponents of resistivity and relative permittivity of the composites. Dielectric breakdown strength EB of the composites below pc is measured by using an impulse voltage in the range of 10 kV to 40 kV in order to avoid the effect of joule heating. Although the observed data of EB seem to be well fitted to the straight line with the slope of 0.9 on a double logarithm of (pc -p) and EB, a method of least squares gives the slopes of 0.72 ± 0.12 and 0.96 ± 0.05 for the composites made with BP2000 and Asahi-Thermal, respectively. It has been found that finite carbon black clusters play an important role in the dielectric breakdown of the composites.