舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中に含まれる有害物質に関する分析(<特集>海洋における大気環境を守るために)

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The exhaust gas that contains a variety of toxic substances is discharged by combustion of fuel in a marine diesel engine. The toxic substances in this research are Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metallic components (P, S, Ca, V, Fe, Ni and Zn) which are contained in fuel. Some compounds have been identified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. Toxic gas component is presumed to be different by used type of fuel and engine operating condition. Then, exhaust gas from two types of 4 stroke marine diesel engine is trapped in resin, teflon filters and quartz filters with various of fuel and the sampling system. These collected substances are analyzed by GC/MS and XRF in order to detect toxic substances in exhaust gas. Therefore we verified the relationship between toxic substance emissions and the engine operating condition. The results show as follows 1) Low- molecular PAHs in gaseous state were trapped in the resin. On the other hand, high-molecular PAHs bound to particulate matter were trapped in the filter. 2) PAHs emissions were highest when the engine was operated at 25% load using Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). Highly toxic PAHs were also detected at this operating condition. PAHs from exhaust gas using HFO were more than those of Marine Diesel Oil. 3) We compared the exhaust gas components with the lubricating oil components, because the components not included in the fuel were contained in the exhaust gas. The result suggested that the exhaust gas components not included in the fuel were from the lubricating oil components. 4) It is necessary to carry out detailed research about lubricating oil and verify the relationship between the lubricating oil components and the exhaust gas component.
独立行政法人海上技術安全研究所の論文
2011-10-31

舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中に含まれる有害物質に関する分析(<特集>海洋における大気環境を守るために)

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