自閉症児へのオペラント条件づけ法の適用 : 完遂法および模倣学習の有効性(<特集>臨床的諸問題をめぐって)

概要

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The purpose of this study is to show the process that a nonverbal infant diagnosed as an autistic child acquires words with applying operant conditioning procedures. The case is a two years and eleven months old infant who doesn't show any interpersonal behaviors, any plays with toys, but a few vocalization. The tasks of learning attitude and imitation learning were given in order to make him speak words spontaneously. The learning attitude is consisted of the tasks of eye-contact, calling, and sitting. The imitation learning is consisted of the tasks of motor and verbal imitations. The methods of shaping and fullfilment in the operant conditioning were used during all training procedures except the eyecontact task. Chocholate, ice-cream, dried milk, and juice were used as a reinforcer matched seasons. The training was run two days in a week for two years and four months. The results were as follows : 1) He learned to sit by our instruction and to reply to our calling as a formation of the learning attitude. 2) He acquired motor imitations such as lifting hand, beating drum, and verbal imitations such as "yes', "piano'. 3) He learned to speak words such as "piano', "inu", "isu", and "tukue". The methods of shaping, fullfilment, and imitation will be effective to make a severely autistic child acquire words.
日本行動療法学会の論文
1976-08-31