公共事業の縮小期における土木業の産業組織の再編成過程

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This paper traces the industrial reorganization of civil engineering in the era of drastically shrinking public investment that began at the end of the 1990s. The study employs two kinds of statistic- the results of a management inspection (keiei jikoshinsa) required for contractors hoping to participate in public works tendering, and data from a completed-work volume questionnaire survey compiled by the leading construction industry newspaper Nikkan Kensetsu Kogyo Shinbun. The study's findings are outlined below. 1) Among the large civil engineering contractors with non-metropolitan head offices, the contractors whose business areas were beyond their head offices' prefectural territories experienced a more severe decline in their completed-work volume than did contractors with business areas within their home prefectures. Although the latter's sales volumes decreased, their typical territorial sales volume and location patterns were generally maintained. The frequency of bankruptcy and merger-driven reorganization was relatively low in this group. These trends suggest that coordination among local contractors remained strong. 2) Among nationwide civil engineering contractors, the gaps between majors and quasi-majors and between quasi-majors and newly developed ones have widened since the late 1990s. Nevertheless, this trend can be understood from a long-term perspective as a return to the situation that was in effect at the beginning of the high-economic-growth era. Consequently, the newly developed contractors functioned as the "regulating valves" of economic development. 3) The above organizational transformations suggest that the last 10 or so years of shrinking public investment have not led to a "desirable" reorganization of the civil engineering industry. Two problems are particularly noteworthy. First, the downsizing of local contractors without mergers, bankruptcies, or withdrawals may lower their technical and managerial abilities in peripheral areas. Second, the national government pays insufficient attention to middle-scale contractors (those between the major nationwide contractors and the local ones) and does not have enough measures targeted to them.
2013-02-28

公共事業の縮小期における土木業の産業組織の再編成過程

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