BTLによるセルロース系バイオマスからの液体燃料合成技術の研究開発(<特集>リグノセルロース系バイオマスの次世代技術開発の動向II)

概要

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Biomass Technology Research Center of AIST Chugoku constructed the biomass-to-liquid (BTL) plant on a bench scale, which consisted of woody biomass gasification, dry gas cleaning, wet gas cleaning, gas compression, and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction. In the oxygen-enriched air gasification step using a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier, the concentrations of CO, H_2, and CO_2 increased from 22.8 to 36.5 vol%, from 16.8 to 28.1 vol%, and from 9.8 to 14.8 vol%, respectively, with an increase in the oxygen content from 21 to 58 vol% in the gasifying agent. The cold gas efficiency exhibited a maximum value of 87.8% at around 30 vol% of oxygen. In the dry gas cleaning step, the activated carbon filter at 200℃ had the possibility of effectively removing tarry compounds derived from biomass gasification. In the FT synthesis reaction step using a slurry bed reactor for a production of hydrocarbons with a carbon number of more than 5, Co/SiO_2 catalyst exhibited a space time yield of 1040g-C_<5+>/kg-cat/h, and a selectivity of 87.5%, and a chain growth probability of 0.84 under the following conditions: 4MPa, 280 to 340℃, and a ratio of catalyst weight to feed gas rate (W/F) of 9.3gh/mol. The daily production capacity of the BTL plant corresponded to 7.8L of hydrocarbon liquid fuel (0.05 barrel per day).
2011-01-20