脆性破壊に関する最近の研究の展望

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This paper was presented by the author at the Joint Meeting of Commissions IX and X of International Institute of Welding (IIW), which was held on 5th July prior to 1963 Annual Meeting in Helsinki, Finland, as one of respresentative contributions on brittle fracture works in various countries such as Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom and Belgium. This paper is a review of the latest works on brittle fracture which have been developed in Japan in 1962 and early 1963. Phenomenon of brittle fracture on initiation, propagation and arrest characteristics has been studied mainly from macroscopic and mechanical viewpoints. Theoretical analysis of test results in wide plate test such as double tension and ESSO tests of gradient or flat temperature types was made. Correlations between wide plate and small size tests for base and weld metals of high strength or low temperature steels were investigated statistically. The plastic surface energy which is required to create new surfaces was evaluated in various tests as one of fundamental factors on brittle strength of steel plates. The effects of plate thickness, residual stress, structural discontinuity and plastic constraint on brittle fracture were studied experimentally and theoretically.
1964-01-30