第一次間主観性の発達過程における個人差の研究

概要

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Innate infant intersubjectivity (IS) has been observed to emerge clearly around the second month after birth. The first IS is called Primary Intersubjectivity (PIS) which is defined by synchronized body movement and proto-conversation between the infant and his/her parent. Although researchers have agreed the fact that IS is an important faculty for infants to consolidate relationship with their affectionate parents, we do not know its emerging process and individual differences in the process yet. In this study, 50 new mothers were asked to make a video-diary by recording their natural interactions with the baby at two, four, eight and thirteen week of infant age. To explore the PI emerging process and its individual differences, three-minute video-clips which included the scenes the infant was attentive to the mother more than 5s or showed active responses to her were extracted from each of video-diaries and infant's PI behaviors were encoded. Results showed that although most infants evidenced PI behaviors until eight week of age, interestingly IP behaviors were not discernible in about 20% of infants even thirteenth week. Therefore, since three month of age, infants may develop through either the pathway of active intersubjective one or rather unsociable one.