Generation, Biological Consequences and Repair Mechanisms of Cytosine Deamination in DNA

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概要

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• Base moieties in DNA are spontaneously threatened by naturally occurring chemical reactions such as deamination, hydrolysis and oxidation. These DNA modifications have been considered to be major causes of cell death, mutations and cancer induction in organisms. Organisms have developed the DNA base excision repair pathway as a defense mechanism to protect them from these threats. DNA glycosylases, the key enzyme in the base excision repair pathway, are highly conserved in evolution. Uracil constantly occurs in DNA. Uracil in DNA arises by spontaneous deamination of cytosine to generate promutagenic U:G mispairs. Uracil in DNA is also produced by the incorporation of dUMP during DNA replication. Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) acts as a major repair enzyme that protects DNA from the deleterious consequences of uracil. The first UNG activity was discovered in E. coli in 1974. This was also the first discovery of base excision repair. The sequence encoded by the ung gene demonstrates that the E. coli UNG is highly conserved in viruses, bacteria, archaea, yeast, mice and humans. In this review, we will focus on central and recent findings on the generation , biological consequences and repair mechanisms of uracil in DNA and on the biological significance of uracil-DNA glycosylase.

• 日本放射線影響学会の論文
• 2009-01-16

著者

• Zhang Q‐m

  Laboratory Of Radiation Biology Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Zhang Q‐m

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• YANO Sachiko

  Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

• Zhang Qiu-mei

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Zhang Qiu-mei

  Lab. Radiat. Biol. Grad. Sch. Sci. Kyoto Univ.

• YONEKURA Shin-Ichiro

  Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

• NAKAMURA Nobuya

  Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

• YONEI Shuji

  Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

• ZHANG-AKIYAMA Qiu-Mei

  Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

• NAKAMURA Nobuya

  Radiat. Biol. Grad. Sch. Sci. Kyoto Univ.

• Nakamura Nobuya

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Yonei S

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Yonei Shuji

  Labo. Radiat. Biol. Grad. Sch. Sci. Kyoto Univ.

• Zhang Qiu

  Lab. Radiat. Biol. Grad. Sch. Sci. Kyoto Univ.

• Qiu-mei Zhang

  Kyoto Univ. Fac. Of Sci.

• Yonei Shuji

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Yonei Shuji

  Lab. Radiat. Biol. Grad. Sch. Sci. Kyoto Univ.

• Yonei Shuji

  Kyoto Univ. Fac. Of Sci.

• Zhang Qiu-mei

  Lab. Of Radiat. Biol. Graduate School Of Science.

• Yonei Shuji

  Kyoto Univ. Kyoto Jpn

• Yonekura Shin-ichiro

  Department Of Biological Sciences Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

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