北東アジアの天然ガス資源と今世紀日本のエネルギー問題

概要

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The major driving forces of the recent increase in natural-gas demand in the world are environmental concern, particularly of reducing emission of green-house gases, and the technological innovations with respect to energy efficiency of natural gas. In the first half of the last century, the world energy demand increased moderately at approximately 30 million ton annually (oil-equivalent). Since the mid-20th century, however, the rate of increase of the energy demand has quadrupled at about 120 million ton per year. The increase of the natural gas demand since 1980 has been particularly significant. About 3/4 of the world's oil reserves is known to exist in the Middle East. On the contrary, significant natural gas reserves are known in Asia, including the former Soviet Union and western China. To transport natural gas, a large scale pipeline network is planned or currently being constructed in this region. In addition to the construction of regional pipeline networks, China plans to increase LNG (liquid natural gas) import mainly from the Middle East. For Japan, in addition to the completion of the scheduled major gas pipeline from Sakhalin, the expansion of the domestic pipeline routes is strongly recommended, to effectively distribute natural gas. De-regulation may be essential in reducing the pipeline construction cost, thus expanding the pipeline networks in Japan.
島根県立大学の論文