<国立科博専報>日本産潜葉性タマムシ類3種の分布に及ぼした黒潮の影響

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概要

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• The distribution of three Japanese leaf-mining buprestid beetles, Trachys robusta E. SAUNDERS, 1873,T. dilaticeps GEBHARDT, 1928 (=mixtipilis OBENBERGER, 1929,variolaris robustissima Y. KUROSAWA, 1959) and Habroloma kagosimanum OBENBERGER, 1940 (=shirozui Y. KUROSAWA, 1959) seems to reflect the influence of the Kuroshio Current that flows along the Pacific coast of Southwest Japan. The drifting mechanism of these leaf-mining small buprestids is very peculiar, differing from that in the case of common wood boring beetles spread along the Pacific coast. When large Castanopsis trees with thick evergreen leaves containing larvae or pupace of T. robusta or dilaticeps drift on the sea, a part of the tree, at least, may be carried for a long distance without submargence of the foliated part and may eventually result in the landing of the insects in the leaves on the coast far distant from their native country. Trachys variolaris E. SAUNDERS, 1873 (=clavicornis OBENBERGER, 1919) known from Japan, Korea and China, T.robusta E.SAUNDERS, 1873 from Japan and T. dilaticeps GEBHARDT, 1928 from China, Northern Indochina, Formosa and the Ryukyus from a distinct species-group in the genus Trachys Fabricius, 1801. In this species-group, variolaris can be considered to be the most primitive and the other two more evolved. The common ancestor of robusta and dilaticeps may have occerred somewhere in southern China or Tonkin. Its descendant became evolved to dilaticeps in the Continent, while an offshoot immigrant to western Japan across the sea became differentiated into robusta. The former species secondarily drifted to Formosa and the Ryukyus. The latter islands were, therefore, not included in the original ragne of the genus Trachys. Though the Ryukyus are considered to have been formed at the beginning of the Pleistocene (see KUROSAWA, 1974), the invasion of Trachys species into Japan seems to have taken place in a period after the Middle Pleistocene. On the other hand, in Tropical Asia, the genus Trachys reaches Celebes and Lesser Sunda Islands, whose separation from the main part of Sundaland is said to have effected during the Neogene. Judging from these data, the trend of dispersal of the genus Trachys in Asia was first directed southeastwards from the Himalayas or North Burma to Sundaland, and next eastwards to China and Japan.

• 国立科学博物館の論文

著者

• 黒沢 良彦

  国立科学博物館動物研究部

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