カラスムギの生態遺伝学的研究 : II. 生育期間、草丈、穂長、小穂数および穎果の大きさの変異

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Growing period (days from emergence to heading), plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle and caryopsis size (length, width and thickness) of the materials from seven natural populations (Table 1) of hexaploid weed oats were investigated under controlled conditions (18℃, 80% relative humidity and 16 hr day length in a growth chamber). The variations observed were compared with those occurring under natural conditions (Tables 2, 3 and 4). The variations in the caryopsis size were small while the variations in plant height, panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle were large in natural populations (Table -9). The magnitude of among-family variance component in quantitative traits varied among local populations under cultivated conditions (Tables 3 and 4) and the variation among families depended upon the diversity of marker traits of caryopsis. The families with the same caryopsis morph tended to show a similar variation pattern in quantitative traits, especially in the growing period (Fig. 1). A morph showing a grey to black caryopsis with a few to many dorsal and callose hairs displayed a late growth habit and a tall plant stature. Among the polymorphic populations at urban roadsides, two distinct groups differing in their growing peroiod were grown temporarily. Weed oats in cropped fields showed an early growth habit and a short plant stature. Genetical variability of quantitative traits of given populations was associated with the diversity in caryopsis morph (Fig. 2-(b); Kendall's rank correlation τ= 0.714) However, the phenotypical variation of the quantitative traits in the natural populations was not associated with the diversity in caryopsis morph. It was assumed that the large variations in the quantitative traits of weed oats in south-western Japan result from both differentiation within local populations and temporary existence of strains adapted to different habitats.
1985-05-25

カラスムギの生態遺伝学的研究 : II. 生育期間、草丈、穂長、小穂数および穎果の大きさの変異

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