板構造物中のクラックの応力拡大係数の有限要素法による解析法

概要

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Stress distributions around a crack in a plate is specified by the stress intensity factor which is closely related to the singularity of stress at the tip of the crack. A new method for calculation of the stress intensity factor is proposed in this paper, and it is based on superposition of analytical and finite-element solutions. Stresses have an singularity at the tip of a crack ; they cannot be obtained exactly by the finite element technique, but they can be expressed analytically near the tip of a crack. Stresses in the whole plate can be expressed with the sum of such an analytical part and a residual part which is regular everywhere and can be calculated accurately by the finite element technique. The singuarity of stress can be determined from the analytical part of the solution, and it yields the stress intensity factor. The present technique is applied to several probelms. In the case of rectangular plates with cracks, the numerical results are in good coincidence with those obtained analytically by the former authors. Computations for the present method can be performed without fine element subdivision, and computer time is economized compared with other methods. The stress intensity factors for cracks in a complicated structures, such as stiffened plates, are obrained by the present method, and some results are shown in this paper.
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