数種ネズミ類における頭骨各部の頭骨全長に対する比率の種間差

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The authors calculated the relative sizes of molar series 1., diastema 1., dental arch br., nasal 1., frontal 1., parietal 1., interparietal 1., occipital 1., vertical and horizontal diameters of foramen magnum, muzzle br., zygomatic br., mastoid br., and skull height at the molar part against the total skull 1. in 178 specimens of 7 species of rats and mice of Murinae and Microtinae. There are no inter-specific differences in the relative sizes of diastema 1., dental arch br., parietal 1., occipital 1., muzzle br., muzzle br., vertical and horizontal diameters of foramen magnum, aginst the total skull 1. Inter-specific differences are seen in the relative sizes of molar series 1., nasal 1., zygomatic br., mastoid br., and skull height (at the molar part) against the total skull 1., which are related mainly to developments of molar teeth and masseter muscles. Molar series 1., zygomatic br., mastoid br., and skull height are relatively large in the grass feeder such as Clethrionomys andersoni, Anteliomys smithii and Microtus montebelli. And they are relatively small in seed-and insect-feeders, Apodemus, and the smallest in the omnivora, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus. It is concluded that Microtus montebelli specialized especially to take herbaceous food. These relations are similar to the relative sizes of large intestinal 1. and caecum 1. against the small intestinal 1. (MIYAO et al., 1960). It is highly probable that relative sizes of these parts reflect the differences of the food habits and indicate the systematic significance.
1962-03-15

数種ネズミ類における頭骨各部の頭骨全長に対する比率の種間差

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