ヒトデの個体間放卵誘起刺激の問題について : GSS および MIS はフ***モンとして働くか?
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Starfish spawning can be induced by injecting nerve extracts containing a polypeptide called GSS as active principle. With respect to the mechanism of natural spawning in starfish, Chaet (1966b) has postulated the following scheme: "Shedding substance is released from the oral surface of the radial nerve into the sea water, and if not diluted below a threshold level, stimulates the release of gametes from its neighbor. A threshold level of shedding substance would be transported into the coelomic cavity of the original starfish to stimulate its gonad". Some experiments were carried out with the starfish, Asterias amurensis, in order to examine his assumption. (1) Both males and females failed to spawn when they were kept separately for 4 to 8 hours in 500 ml of sea water containing GSS at various concentrations (25-200 μg of dry nerve/ml). However, when these animals were transferred to sea water and injected with GSS (20-100 μg nerve), they discharged eggs or sperm within one hour. (2) When starfish whose arm had been slit by scissors were placed in GSS-sea water (25-100 μg nerve/ml), most of them began to spawn within 2 hours. (3) Starfish kept in sea water containing a meiosisinducing substance (MIS) (about 500-1000 units in 500ml) for 2 hours failed to spawn. However, when they were transferred to sea water and injected with GSS (100 μg dry nerve) they began to shed the gametes within 30 minutes. (4) Starfish injected with 20-40 units of MIS shed the gametes. (5) Starfish injected with the nerve extract (15 mg dry nerve) were kept in 400 ml of sea water for 2 hours and then the sea water was centrifuged. Intact animals kept in such supernatant did not spawn. These results demonstrate that GSS as well as MIS had no effect in inducing spawning when applied from the outside of the body; that is, neither acted as a pheromone. Since GSS was found in the coelomic fluid of starfish undergoing natural spawning, GSS seems to be released from the nerves into the body fluid and act in the coelomic cavity.
- 社団法人日本動物学会の論文
- 1968-07-15
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