担子菌に関する研究 : (第1報) 担子菌における非炭水化物より菌糸体および子実体の生産

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Since 1960,numerous studies have been reported on the utilization of noncarbohydrate organic substances such as n-alkanes, alcohol and acids as corbon sources for cultivating yeast and bacteria to produce unicellular proteins. Although there has appeared no report on the produciton of mushroom from noncarbohydrate organic substances, this problem is interested not only in industrial importance to use cheaper materials but also in the metabolism of the microbes.From the above point of view, assimilation of various noncarbohydrate substances such as aliphatic alcohols, organic acids including members of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and n-alkanes by mushrooms were tested. Among these materials examined, ethanol and glycerol were the most suitable for the production of mycelium. The maximum yield of mycelium in Lentinus edodes from ethanol medium (2% ethanol) was 10.5g/l by dry basis. Similar results were obtained in Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum sp. and some other strains of Basidiomycetes. Mycelia grown on noncarbohydrate organic substances contained remarkably higher amount of protein (55〜60%) and has more acceptable flavor than those obtained from carbohydrate medium.Formation of the fruiting body in these species of Basidiomycetes was examined in the medium supplemented with above noncarbohydrate organic substances as a sole source of carbon. Among the compounds examined, it was found that etahnol and glycerol were the best carbon sources for the production of fruiting body as seen in hte mycelial grouth. The maximum yield of fruiting body in ethanol-yeast extract medium in Pleurotus ostreatus, was 6.5/l by dry basis. Similar results were obtained in Flammulina velutipes. The optimum pH for the formation of the fruting body was 4 to 5.The nutrients and their optimal amounts required for the growth and fruiting were ethanol 20ml, yeast extract 1〜3 g, KH_2PO_4 300mg, FeSO_4 Bmy, MnSO_4 0.1mg, thiamine 0.03mg, folic acid 0.3mg, inositol 30 mg, and nicotinic acid 0.3 mg per liter of medium respectively.
1971-05-25

担子菌に関する研究 : (第1報) 担子菌における非炭水化物より菌糸体および子実体の生産

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