抗生物質の植物体への滲透・吸収・移行 : (その2) 数種抗黴性抗生物質のソラマメ及びイネ苗中の上下への滲透・移行

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(1) Several antifungal antibiotics were studied in relation to translocation in broad bean plants. The middle leaves of broad bean plant were coated with paste containing the antibiotics to be tested. The paste was composed of 30 per cent petrolatum liquidum, 50 per cent petrolatum album, 10 per cent glycerin and 10 per cent antibiotic. The leaves except the treated leaf, stems, and roots were collected 24 and 72 hours after the treatment. The collected samples were frozen, thawed, and then homogenized with the following solvents. Antimycin A, Blastmycin, Actidione and Phenyl mercuric acetate were extracted with methanol, Humidin with 60 per cent acetone aqueous solution, Blasticidin with the buffer solution of pH 5.0 and Eurocidin with the pH 8.0 aqueous solution. The extracts were assayed for their antibotic activities by the paper disc method or the cup method using the agar plates seeded with Piricularia oryzae. Blasticidin and Eurocidin were assayed by the cup method, the others by the paper disc method. Antimycin A, Blasticidin and Blasmycin were found to be translocated from the treated leaf both upward to the younger leaves and stems, and downward to the older leaves and stems ; also in very small amounts to the roots. The leaves or stems above and below the treated leaf were found to contain 0.1〜0.5mcg/g of Antimycin A, 0.2〜1.2 mcg/g of Blastmycin, or 1.4〜2.3 mcg/g of Blasticidin. Actidione, Humidin, Eurocidin, and Phenyl mercuric acetate did not move out of the treated leaf in any detectable amount. (2) Stability of the translocated antibiotics in the leaves and stems was studied by greenhouse experiments. The treated leaf was cut off one day after the treatment. The antibiotics were found to have been distributed throughout all parts of the bean plant until that time. The plants were kept in the greenhouse, and the antibiotic activities in the untreated leaves and stems were assayed four and seven days after the treatment. With Blasticidin, less than one third of the original activity remained after 4 days, but no activity after 7 days. Activity of Antimycin A or Blastmycin also decreased gradually, but some activity was still detectable after 7 days. (3) Some additional experiments were done using the rice seedlings. When the first internode of the seedlings was coated with paste containing Antimycin A, Blastmycin, or Blasticidin, the antibiotics were found to be translocated to the upper stems and leaves, also down to the roots. The amounts of antibiotics detected in the untreated parts of the seedling were almost the same as those in the case of bean plants.
1958-11-30

抗生物質の植物体への滲透・吸収・移行 : (その2) 数種抗黴性抗生物質のソラマメ及びイネ苗中の上下への滲透・移行

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