灰色かび病菌プロサイミドン耐性変異株のin vitro淘汰

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Procymidone [N-(3', 5'-dichlorophenyl)-1, 2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1, 2-dicarboximide] is a potent fungicide to both thiophanate-methyl sensitive and resistant strains of Botrytis cinerea Persoon. Mutants of B. cinerea resistant to procymidone were obtained in vitro with a high frequency, when conidia or mycelia of the fungus were incubated at 25 C for 3-10 days on PSA media containing the fugicide. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) Value of the mutants was around 51,200 ppm, indicating a high degree of resistance. The procymidone-resistant mutants were also resistant to iprodione, vinchlozolin and dichlozoline, showing cross-resistance among the fungicides. The mutants resistant to procymidone were obtained by plating conidia or mycelia on PSA media containing procymidone from both thiophanate-methyl sensitive and resistant strains. The latter mutants showed multiple resistance to procymidone and thiophanate-methyl. Cross-resistance between procymidone and thiophanate-methyl was not observed, which indicates the action of the two fungicides is different. Mycelial growth of the mutants resistant to procymidone on PSA media containing 100 ppm of the fungicide was similar to that on control PSA, but it was generally delayed in comparison with that of sensitive strains of wild type. Most of the mutants obtained do not produce aerial mycelia, and hyphae of the mutants spread straightly and symmetrically around the surface of PSA media. Many of the mutants produce very little conidia on PSA media, and only a few do a lot. The pathogenicity of the mutants to cucumber fruits was generally less than that of sensitive strains of wild type. Procymidone, however, was no longer effective on cucumber fruits to the mutants obtained in vitro. Competition between the mutants and sensitive strains of B. cinerea was investigated on tomato fruits. Some mutants resistant to procymidone have a superior competitive ability on tomato fruits infected by conidia or mycelia of the mutants and sensitive strains of B. cinerea in an equal proportion. No mutants resistant to procymidone were obtained from conidia or mycelia grown on fruits, when the fungicide was sprayed in the laboratory to the fruits of tomato, eggplant, pepper and cucumber infected by sensitive strains of wild type. Mutants resistant to the fungicide were not isolated from conidia formed on fruits, when the fungicide was used 4-7 times to the plants infected by B. cinerea in plastic houses. It is clear that mutants of B. cinerea resistant to procymidone were obtained in vitro by mutation with a high frequency, but it seems that the mutants resistant to the fungicide were hardly isolated in vivo or in the field.
日本植物病理学会の論文
1980-01-25

灰色かび病菌プロサイミドン耐性変異株のin vitro淘汰

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