知床国立公園の淡水産プラナリアの生態調査報告

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The vertical distribution of freshwater planarians in the Shiretoko National Park district in Northeast Hokkaido (Lat.43°40′N. to 44°20′N. and Long. 144°30′E. to 145°30′E.) is reported. The Park consists of two topographic units, one is the narrow part of the Shiretoko Peninsula and the other is the basal part of the peninsula (including the northern part of the Konsen Waste Land). The park is characterized by the volcanoes of the Chishima Volcanic Zone (Mt. Shari, Mt. Unabetsu, Mt. On'nebetsu, Mt. Rausu, Mt. Yuo in activity, Mt. Shiretoko, etc.). The highest peak, Mt. Rausu (1661 m above sea level), is at the central corner of the mountain chain. The main river systems of the area surveyed are the Shari, the Churui and the Shibetsu ; there are many short rivers in the Shiretoko Peninsula draining into the Okhotsk Sea (Fig. 1). The average air temperature of the year is about 5 to 6℃ and the rainfall amounts to about 1000 mm at the seashore district. The surveys of most stations were made in July 26〜29,1965. In the area surveyed, six species of freshwater planarians, Dugesia japonica ICHIKAWA et KAWAKATSU, Phagocata vivida (IJIMA et KABURAKI), Polycelis sapporo (IJIMA et KABURAKI), Polycelis akkeshi ICHIKAWA et KAWAKATSU, Polycelis schmidti (ZABUSOV) and Dendrocoelopsis ezensis ICHIKAWA et OKUGAWA, were found. D. japonica was found only in the biotopes of warm water near the Rausu Hot Spring along the Nemuro Strait. Ph. vivida, one of the common planarian species in South, Central and East Hokkaido, was found in the biotopes below the altitude of about 500 metres. This species was, however, rather rare in the district along the Okhotsk Sea. Two white Polycelis species, Pol. sapporo and Pol. akkeshi, were found in the stations below the altitude of about 380 metres. Pol. akkeshi is the dominant species in the Shiretoko National Park district Pol. schmidti was common in the stations both near the seashore and in the mountainous districts. This species was, however, found only in the cold-water springs in the district along the Nemuro Strait. Den. ezensis was found only in the station along the Okhotsk Sea. The inhabitable water temperature ranges of the above-mentioned species of freshwater planarians which were found in the Shiretoko National Park district are as follows : D. japonica (16.0〜21.1℃) ; Ph. vivida (5.6〜14.0℃), Pol. sapporo and Pol. akkeshi (7.8〜15.6℃) ; Pol. schmidti (6.6〜12.3℃) ; Den. ezensis (8.6℃). The type of the vertical distribution in the area surveyed is shown as JSVC-SVC-VC-C (J : D. japonica, V : Ph. vivida, S : Pol. sapporo and Pol. akkeshi, C : Pol. schmidti). The biotopes are described in detail. No planarian was found in the stations which were polluted with toxic water of the Chiesaku'etonbi River (a tributary of the Shari River) and in many stations of the Konsen Waste Land, a vast peat bog of East Hokkaiko (Nemuro and Kushiro). The distribution of planarian species in the adjacent districts of the Shiretoko National Park is also described. Ph. vivida, Pol. sapporo, Pol. akkeshi and Dendrocoelopsis lacteus ICHIKAWA et OKUGAWA were collected from Akkeshi-cho, Kushiro (cf. ICHIKAWA & KAWAKATSU 1963). Ph. vivida was collected from some springs of the southern part of the Konsen Waste Land.
1966-04-01

知床国立公園の淡水産プラナリアの生態調査報告

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