Loss-of-function of a Rice Gibberellin Biosynthetic Gene, GA2O oxidase (GA20ox-2), Led to the Rice 'Green Revolution'

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• A rice semi-dwarf variety, 1R8, known as "miracle rice enabled dramatic increases rice production and its widespread adoption averted predicted food shortages in Asia during the 1960s to 1990s. This remarkable achievement was referred to as "green revolution". The short stature of 1R8 was derived from the semi-dwarf gene, sdl, and the sdl gene contributed significantly to the rice "green revolution". In this paper, we described the physiological, molecular genetic and biochemical characterization of the sdl gene. The sdl mutant contained lower gibberellin (GA) levels than wild-type plants but responded sensitively to exogenous GA. Cloning and sequence analyses revealed that the SDJ gene encoded a GA biosynthetic enzyme, GA2O oxidase. In all of the sdl mutants tested, nucleotide deletions or substitutions were observed in the GA20 oxidase gene (GA20ox-2), which induced an internal stop codon or single amino acid substitutions, respectively. The sdl plants, which the wild-type GA20ox-2 gene was introduced showed the normal height. A recombinant GA20ox-2 protein produced from the cDNA clone in E. coil catalyzed the conversion of GA_<5>> to GA_<20>. These results confirmed that SDJ encodes an active GA20 oxidase. The expression of GA20ox-2 was down-regulated by GA in a similar manner to that of some GA20oxs in other plants. The rice genome carried at least two GA 20-oxidase genes (GA20ox-1 and GA20ox-2) and SDI corresponded to GA20ox-2, which is highly expressed in the leaves and flowers, whereas GA20ox-1 is preferen-tially expressed in the flowers. The reduced plant height associated with the sdl alleles was due to the low amount of active GA in leaves, which was caused by a mutation of the GA20ox-2 gene. On the basis of these results, we discussed the importance of GA in the regulation of plant height in crop breeding.

• 日本育種学会の論文

著者

• Matsuoka Makoto

  Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya Univ.

• Matsuoka Makoto

  Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya University

• ASHIKARI Motoyuki

  Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University

• NISHIMURA Asuka

  Biocience Center, Nagoya University

• Itoh Hironori

  BioScience Center, Nagoya University

• Ueguchi-Tanaka Miyako

  BioScience Center, Nagoya University

• Sasaki Akie

  Bioscience Center, Nagoya University

• Nishimura Asuka

  Honda R & D CO. Wako Research Center

• Datta Swapan

  International Rice Research Institute

• Ishiyama Kanako

  BioResources Center

• Saito Tamio

  Plant Molecular Biology Lab., RIKEN

• Kobayashi Masatomo

  BioResources Center

• Khush Gurdev

  International Rice Research Institute

• Kitano Hidemi

  Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University

• MIYAO-TOKUTOMI Mitsue

  National Institute of Agrobiological Resources

• Matsuoka M

  Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya University

• Saito Tamio

  Plant Molecular Biology Lab. Riken

• Kitano H

  Nagoya Univ. Nagoya Jpn

• Kitano Hidemi

  Grad. Sch. Bioagr. Sci. Nagoya Univ.

• Ashikari M

  Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya University

• Ashikari Motoyuki

  Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution:(present Address)bioscience Center Nagoya U

• Nishimura Asuka

  Biocience Center Nagoya University

• Matsuoka Makoto

  Okinawa Subtropical Station Japan International Research Center For Agricultural Sciences

• Kobayashi Mio

  Department Of Crop And Food Science National Agricultural Research Center For Kyushu Okinawa Region

• Matuoka Makoto

  Biosci. Cen. Nagoya University

• Matsuoka M

  Institute Of Agriculture And Forestry University Of Tsukuba

• Matsuoka Makoto

  Institute Of Agriculture And Forestry University Of Tsukuba

• Matsuoka Makoto

  Biosci. Center Nagoya Univ. Nagoya

• Ashikari Motoyuki

  Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya Univ.

• Kitano Hidemi

  Nagoya University School Of Agricultural Science

• Ueguchi Miyako

  Bioscience Ctr. Nagoya Univ.

• Miyao‐tokutomi Mitsue

  Niar Tsukuba.

• Kitano Hidemi

  Graduate School Of Bioagric. Sci. Nagoya Univ.

• Kobayashi Masatomo

  Bioresource Center Riken Tsukuba Institute

• ITOH Hironori

  Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University

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