化学独立栄養アンモニア酸化細菌 : Nitrosomonasのアンモニア酸化・ヒドロキシルアミン酸化系を中心にして

概要

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Ammonia and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria contribute to nitrification, a part of the nitrogen cycle in natural environments. These bacteria are important since they decompose accumulated inorganic nitrogen compounds and toxic substances such as nitrogen oxides and consume (fix) of CO_2,a factor implicated in global warming. Nitrosomonas europaea, a chemoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacterium which contributes to the first stage of nitrification has been studied in detail. It oxidizes ammonia as the sole nitrogen source of nitrite via hydroxylamine as an intermendiate. It grows under completely inorganic conditions using energy (65 kcal) produced by the oxidation of ammonia and atmospheric CO_2,its sole carbon source. Its growth rate is thus quite low and no extensive biochemical studies have been conducted. This paper reviews recent studies on the ammonia-oxidizing system (ammonia and hydroxylamine oxidation) in Nitrosomonas europaea. Data obtained with two strains of Nitrosomonas including a pure isolated strain of Nitrosomonas sp. TK794 are presented.
日本微生物生態学会の論文
1993-10-31