<報文>純鐵の眞空熔解に關する熱力學的考察

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Behavior of gases in liquid iron when melted in vacuum was considered on the basis of thermodynamic data with the following results : (1) Hydrogen and nitrogen contents in molten iron may easily be reduced by vacuum melting, whi1e it is difficult to reduce oxygen content of liquid iron (carbon free) by a simple vacuum melting, because it is governed by an extremely small value of oxygen pressure in the atmosphere ; for example, liquid iron contains about 0.14% oxygen under the oxygen pressure of 2×10^<-6> mmHg at 1600℃. (2) When liquid iron contains carbon, the oxygen content is determined by the value of gas ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in the atmosphere and cannot be reduced by vacuum melting, so far as this ratio does not decrease. On the other hand, considerable decrease of the carbon content will be expected by vacuum melting. (3) To obtain an iron of low oxygen content, melting in a stream of mixed gas of hydrogen and water vapor (reduction by hydrogen) is preferable to that in a stream of mixed gas of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (reduction by carbon monoxide). Thus, the following process is recommended as a method of obtaining pure iron : oxidation of liquid iron (elimination of impurities) → reduction of liquid iron by hydrogen (lowering of oxygen content)→ vacuum melting (lowering of hydrogen content). (4) In the case of vacuum melting, selection of the refractory material (oxide) used for the crucible or lining is important, because the dissociation pressure of the oxides have a considerable effect on the oxygen content of the liquid iron. The higher the dissociation pressure, the higher vacuum must be ; therefore, for example, alumina is better than magnesia for crucible or lining material.
東北大学の論文
1954-03-25

<報文>純鐵の眞空熔解に關する熱力學的考察

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