第一大臼歯先天性欠如者の大臼歯の形態と大きさ
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
第一大臼歯の先天性欠如が疑われる症例について,残存している大臼歯の形態ならびに大きさについて検討した。資料は男性5名,女性6名のパノラマX線写真,口腔内全顎石膏模型,アンケート調査である。第一大臼歯は大臼歯の中で最も早く萌出し,一般には6歳ころに萌出してくる。しかし,8歳から10歳ころになってはじめて大臼歯が萌出することがあり,その歯は,ほとんど例外なく退化的特徴をもつ。このような「退化的近心大臼歯」について系統発生学的,形態学的ならびに遺伝学的に調査を試みた。退化的近心大臼歯は近心傾斜しており,上顎では遠心舌側咬頭(hypocone)が退化して3咬頭性に,下顎では遠心咬頭(hypoconulid)が退化して4咬頭となり,第二大臼歯の退化した特徴をもつ形態になることが多い。X線写真の所見では3本すべての大臼歯が存在することはなく,1歯以上の大臼歯が先天性欠如したと考えられる。従来,大臼歯のうち最も早く萌出する歯を第一大臼歯とみなし,この歯が遅れて生える場合は第一大臼歯の萌出遅延とみなしてきた。しかし,これらの症例を詳細に検討した結果,第一大臼歯が先天性欠如し,第二大臼歯が早期に萌出したと考える方が理にかなっていることが分かった。退化的近心大臼歯の大きさは通常の第二大臼歯よりも大きく,これは,第一大臼歯の先天欠如による代償的現象として説明できる。
- 2010-12-01
著者
-
山田 博之
愛知学院大 歯 解剖学第二
-
Yamada Hiroyuki
Department Of Anatomy School Of Dentistry Aichi-gakuin University
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