一般健康質問票(General Health Questionnaire)調査からみた保健婦と看護婦のメンタルヘルス

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The health care system in Japan is reforming to adapt rapidly increasing aged population. Public health nurses (PHN) who have act great roles in health care seem to feel stress for adapting to such reformation. The circumstance of hospital nurses also become to be more severe by the shortage of nurses and rapid progress of clinical care. For comparing the extent of psychological stress between public health nurses and hospital nurses (HNS), the 30 item version of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and questions related to job stress were applied to PHNs (n=276) working in health centers and local goverments in Nagasaki prefecture and HNS (n=420) working in a university hospital in Nagasaki City. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The mean score and high score rate using 7/8 cut-off point were respectively 7.53 and 41.7% for PHN and 7.74 and 46.2% for HNS. Judging from the previous results, these values may indicate higher stressful condition in both jobs. 2. High score rate of HNS decreased with age, while that of PHN kept similar level throughout ages. The 80% of PHN working for 6-10 years felt "inertia and mannerism" on their job, high frequency of high score group in middle aged PHN who have rich experience. The reform of health care system should improve their motivation for the activity of public health nurse. 3. Results of factor anlaysis indicated that factor structure of GHQ differed between PHN and HNS: GHQ scores of PHN were mainly contributed by somatic symptoms, such as "do not feel fine" and "no energy", while those of HNS were primarily contributed by depressed symptoms such as "unhappy and depressed", "lost confidence" and "nervous and strung up".
日本民族衛生学会の論文

一般健康質問票(General Health Questionnaire)調査からみた保健婦と看護婦のメンタルヘルス

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