COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF 70 MM RADIOPHOTOGRAM BY ODELCA CAMERA AND CANON MIRROR CAMERA:Report II. The Results of Clinical Experiments

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Following the basic experiments on the optical ability of Odelca 70 mm camera and Canon 70 mm mirror camera, the authors made clinical evaluation on the diagnostic value of radiopho togram by both cameras. In the first experiment, the same cases were radiographed and radiophotographed by using both cameras, and the detectability and nature of 85 tuberculous lesions on radiophotogram (P) were compared with those on radiogram (R). Assessment was made by the discussion of two, chest specialists, and the results were presented in Tables 1 and 2. Comparing the detectability of lesions on P by Odelca camera with that on R, 87% were detected equally, and the detecta bility on R was superior to that on P in 13%. Observing by the size of lesions, some of the lesions 10 mm or less were not detected on P. Comparing the detectability of lesions on P by Canon camera with that on R, nearly the same results were obtained. Thus, no significant difference was found in the detectability of lesions on P by Odelca camera and Canon camera. Nature of lesions was difficult to evaluate in 8% and 11% respectively on P by Odelca camera and by Canon camera. In the majority of the remaining cases, nature of lesions was evaluated as the same both on R and P by Odelca camera and Canon camera. In the second experiment, 47 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were radiographed and radio photographed by both cameras, numbered differently, and films were read by 9 chest specialists. independently. About 1 month after the first reading, the second reading was repeated. Presence of tuberculous lesions, and if present, type, size and extent of lesions were described on each side of the lung seperately. Rates of agreement in the judgement of type, size and extent of lesions within the same reader on the same subject between R 1 and R 2, R 1 and P 1, R 2 and P 2, and P 1 and P 2 were calculated. As the type of lesions, two classifications (KE and KA) were used. In KE classification, type of lesions was divided into 4 main cate gories, namely type A (homogenous diffuse shadow), type B (poorly defined shadow), type C (well defined shadow with shrinkage) and type D (linear or star-like shadow). As the inter mediate types between types B and C, types BC and CB were subdivided, and as the inter mediate type between types C and D, type CD was subdivided. Pure types B and C were denoted as BB and CC respectively. Calcium deposit in lung field and hilar lymph nodes was added. In KA classification, type of lesions was divided into 5 categories, namely type I (far advanced cavitary type), type II (cavitary tuberculosis other than type I), type III (non-cavitary tuberculosis with poorly defined shadow), type IV (non-cavitary tuberculosis with well defined shadow), and type V (healed type). The size of lesions were divided into 5 categories, namely 1 (less than 3 mm), 2 (3-5 mm), 3 (6-40 mm), 4 (11-20 mm) and 5 (21 mm or larger). The extent of lesions were divided into minimal and moderately advanced. The results were shown in Tables 3, 4, 5 and 6. Taking the rate of agreement within the same reader on the same subject on R as the control, the rates of agreement in the judgement of type, size and extent of lesions between R and P were approximately 10% lower than the control, but no significant difference was found in the rates of agreement between R and P by Odelca camera and Canon camera. Although Odelca camera was slightly superior to Canon mirror camera in the basic experi ments, in the clinical evaluation, no significant difference was found in the quantitative and qualitative diagnostic value of radiophotogram by both cameras. Diagnostic value of 70 mm radiophotogram by mirror camera is slightly inferior to both radiogram and 100 mm radiopho togram, but clearly superior to that of lens camera, and in order to conduct the mass survey on high level, lens cameras must be replaced by mirror camera in the near future.
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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF 70 MM RADIOPHOTOGRAM BY ODELCA CAMERA AND CANON MIRROR CAMERA:Report II. The Results of Clinical Experiments

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