Studies on growth inhibitory effects of EGF on oral squamous cell carcinomas.

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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a polypeptide hormone originally isolated from the mouse submaxillary gland (1962, Cohen). A similar molecule, which is functionally indistinguishable from murine EGF, is found in human tissues and body fluids. When injected into new bone mice, EGF elicits, among other things, the proliferation and differentiation of the epidermis. In-vitro studies also show that EGF has various biological activities on a wide variety of cell types including keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The effect of EGF occurs through cell surface receptors. The number of receptors expressed on the cell surface and the biological effect of EGF vary with cell types. In the course of our research on oral cancer cell proliferation, it was found that EGF inhibited DNA synthesis in the oral cancer cell line Ca 9-22 SF. In the present study, the effect of EGF on five human oral cancer cell lines viz., Ca 9-22, NA, HSC 2, HSC 3 and HSC 4 was examined. Addition of EGF to the cultured medium of five cell lines resulted in a decrease in plating efficiency. Inhibitory effect was observed at 0.1ng/ml EGF and plating efficiency of each cell line decreased with the subsequent increase in concentration of EGF. At 10ng/ml EGF, NA and Ca 9-22 scarcely formed colonies. Growth inhibition was assessed by monitoring the cell number and it was found that addition of 1ng/ml EGF did not show so much effect on the growth inhibition on each cell line tested. However, presence of EGF at concentration of 10ng/ml was found to be markedly inhibitory for the growth of NA, Ca 9-22, and HSC 2 cells. Morphological observation was done with optical and phase contrast microscopes. Although none of the cell lines showed the remarkable change in cell morphology at 1ng/ml EGF, significant morphological changes such as spindle shape and formation of processes and appearance of granules etc., were noted in the presence of 10ng/ml EGF. The incorporation of 3H-histidine and 3H-TdR into each cell line was measured. The ratio of 3H-histidine to 3H-TdR on all cell lines showed no specific pattern. NA and HSC 4 showed a great increase of the ratio whereas Ca 9-22 and HSC 3 elicited little change.
社団法人日本口腔外科学会の論文

Studies on growth inhibitory effects of EGF on oral squamous cell carcinomas.

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