Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Maximal Expiratory Flows in a General Population: the Takahata Study
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概要
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Background Maximal expiratory flows (MEFs) depend on the elastic recoil pressure in the alveoli, airway resistance and bronchial collapsibility. MEFs at lower levels of vital capacity [MEFs at x% FVC (MEFx)] would indicate the patency of peripheral airways. In Japan, a ratio of MEF50 to MEF25 (MEF50/MEF25) greater than 4.0 is used as an index of injury to the small airways in subjects without airflow limitation. However, to date there have been no epidemiological investigations relating to this index. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cigarette smoking on MEFs in a general population, and to assess the validity of using this index to evaluate injury to the small airways. Methods Subjects aged 40 years or older (n=2,917), who had participated in a community-based annual health-check in Takahata, Japan, were enrolled in the study. MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25 were measured in these subjects. Results In smokers, as compared with never-smokers, the percentage predicted MEFs (%MEFs) decreased according to the aging of the population, except in the case of %MEF25 in females. In males, but not in females, %MEFs decreased significantly with an increase in cigarette consumption. In both genders, MEF50/MEF25 was slightly, but significantly, elevated with aging of the population. In addition, 36.5% of subjects who participated in this health-check had MEF50/MEF25 values greater than 4.0. No difference in MEF50/MEF25 was observed between smokers and never-smokers. Conclusion Cigarette smoking enhanced the age-related decline in MEFs. Since many healthy subjects aged 40 years or older have MEF50/MEF25 values greater than 4.0, the use of this criterion may over-estimate the presence of small airway disease.
著者
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Inoue Sumito
Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata Prefectural Shinjo Hospital
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Kishi Hiroyuki
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Osaka Daisuke
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abe Shuichi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Tokairin Yoshikane
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Yamauchi Keiko
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Aida Yasuko
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Shibata Yoko
Department Of Cardiology Pulmonology And Nephrology Yamagata University School Of Medicine
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Sato Masamichi
Department Of Electronics And Electrical Engineering Faculty Of Science And Technologies Keio Univer
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Kimura Tomomi
Department Of Biochemistry Showa University School Of Medicine
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Kawata Sumio
Department Of Biochemistry And Second Department Of Internal Medicine Osaka University Medical Schoo
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Konta Tsuneo
Department Of Cardiology Pulmonology And Nephrology Yamagata University School Of Medicine
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Igarashi Akira
Department Of Applied Chemistry Faculty Of Engineering Kogakuin University
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Kubota Isao
Department Of Cardiology Pulmonology And Nephrology Yamagata University Of School Of Medicine
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Watanabe Tetsu
Department Of Basic Clinical Science And Public Health Tokai University School Of Medicine
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Kayama Takamasa
Department Of Neurology Hematology Metabolism Endocrinology And Diabetes Yamagata University School Of Medicine
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KATO Takeo
Department of Applied Physics, Osaka City University
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Konta Tsuneo
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Nemoto Takako
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Nishiwaki Michiko
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Nunomiya Keiko
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Sato Masamichi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abe Shuichi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Osaka Daisuke
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Inoue Sumito
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Inoue Sumito
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Kimura Tomomi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Kishi Hiroyuki
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Tokairin Yoshikane
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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