原子吸光分析における増感作用の検討
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The sensitivity enhancement of atomic absorption analysis was examined. Nickel and cadmium as test of elements, C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-air and C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-N<SUB>2</SUB>O as the flames, and methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, aceton, acetic acid, and ethylacetate as solvents were used. The absorption, the aspirated volume (m<I>l</I>/min), the atomized percent, the amount of spray volume reached burner(m<I>l</I>/min) were measured in detail using various degrees of solvent mixtures. Here the ratio between absorbance and the amount of spray volume reached burner was defined as the relative sensitivity, and were plotted the relative sensitivity for the ordinates and the percent of the carbon (or the volume of organic solvent) for the abscissas. As a result, direct ratio was found between them. By the leastsquares method, the coefficient of a straight line was got. The coefficient was defined as the enhancement's factor. The value was -1424 and the straight line could be showed as form (1).<BR><I>T</I>=<I>A</I>+<I>BX</I>……………(1)<BR><I>T</I>: Relative sensitivity, <I>A</I> : Relative sensitivity at aqueous solution, <I>B</I>: Enhancement's factor, <I>X</I>: Percent of carbon (or volume of organic solvent).<BR>In the smoll value of factor, as Allan pointed, it is probable that the enhancement was effected by the amount of spray volume reached burner, and it's phenomenon was observed in aceton, acetic acid and ethylacetate mixture at using C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-air flame. In the large value of factor, as Robinson pointed, it is probable that the enhancement was effected by the mechanisms of the formation of atoms in the flame, and it's phenomenon was observed in alcohol mixture at using C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-air flame, and in aceton, acetic acid and ethylacetate at using C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-N<SUB>2</SUB>O flame. To study the mechanism of enhancement in the flame, adding the colloidal carbon (0.51.0 μ) 0.0003%, 30 m<I>l</I> to make 100 m<I>l</I> aqueous solution, the absorption increased 5% in cadmium but adding the carbon over 1.0 μ, the enhancement did not occured. From this fact, as one factor of enhancement in organic solvent, it is probable that the enhancement was occured on account of a chain reactional re-dividing spray by the heated carbon and high heat before organic solvent evaporates and burns and that the mechanism was different on each solvent and each flame. As an insoluble solvent, the relative sensitivity of methylisobutylketon (MIBK) was measured with cadmium and the enhancement's factor was calculated by form (1). It's value was 1.9 in C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>-air flame, from that, and it is probable that the enhancement in MIBK was effected by the amount of spray volume reached burner more than by the mechanisms of the formation of atom in the flame.
- 社団法人 日本分析化学会の論文
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