STUDIES ON RECENT ASPECTS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN NAGATOISHI-CHO, KURUME CITY

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In Japan, the main effort for the control of schistosomiasis has been directed at the control or eradication of vector snail, Oncomelania hupensis nosophora (Robson) since prior to World War II. One of the principle methods for control is the periodic application of molluscicides. Initially lime was used in Katayama under the guidance of Prof. Fujinami and then during World War II Ca-cyanamide was used. After 1954, sodium pentachlorophenate has been used in all the endemic areas. Cementing of irrigation ditches has been adopted in Japan from 1954 as another mean on control. In 1956, a ten year project of cementing all ditches in the endemic areas was planned with the financial aid of the Government. However by 1966, only about 50% of all ditches in the endemic areas had been replaced by cemented ones.Nagatoishi-cho, a part of Kurume City, has a population of 834 persons. The area consists of 20 hectare and is surrounded by a dike which was a part of the Chikugo River. Most inhabitants of this area are farmer. In 1948, Hunter et al. found that 72. 9% of them were infested with Schistosoma japonicum. The area was sprayed twice a year with sodium pentachlorophenate in 1950 and 1951. At the termination of the two-year experiment in December, 1951, it was found that the snail had not been completely eliminated from thee paddies and irrigation ditches. In July of 1953, a large flood occurred and all houses in the village were immersed in muddy water and the dike surrounding the village was broken in three places.In 1954, the cementing of the ditches started and was finished in 1958. A reduction in infection rate of school children resulted with the progress of the cementing.Today, no Oncomelania snail can be found inside of the dike, but many infected snails are still found outside of the dike and on the Chikugo River bed. Since 1965, field mice and voles inhabiting in the latter area have been examined for the natural infection with Schistosoma japonicum. A survey was conducted in the spring of 1966. Intradermal test with antigens prepared by Coca's method using adult worms of S. japonicum was applied to the inhabit-ants of the village. Those with positive or doubtful reactions were examined and examinations for parasite eggs in their stools were conducted.In the present paper, we are reporting a part of results of our recent above-mentioned surveys.
久留米大学医学部 The Kurume Medical Journal 編集部の論文

STUDIES ON RECENT ASPECTS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN NAGATOISHI-CHO, KURUME CITY

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